PP706 - Noise Exposure Awareness and Hearing Health in English as a Second Language (ESL) Students

Abstract:
Approximately 48 million Americans experience hearing loss, with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) being a common, preventable condition. This study investigated ESL middle and high school students' knowledge, attitudes, and prevalence of NIHL. Forty-four students (22 Spanish-speaking and 22 English-speaking) participated in pure tone audiometry and a 32-question survey. Results revealed higher NIHL prevalence at 3000 and 4000 Hz among Spanish-speaking students compared to their English-speaking peers. Unexpectedly, low-frequency hearing loss at 250 and 500 Hz was also noted in Spanish-speaking students. These findings highlight the need for targeted intervention programs to raise awareness and prevent NIHL among ESL students.

Summary:
Rationale/Purpose
This study explores the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) among middle and high school students, comparing Spanish-speaking English as a second language (ESL) students with native English speakers. Hearing loss is the third most common physical condition in the U.S., yet research on NIHL in Hispanic/Latino ESL students is limited. The purpose is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding noise exposure in these students to inform future preventive strategies.

Methods
The study involved 44 middle and high school students (22 Spanish-speaking ESL and 22 English-speaking), aged 11-18. Participants were recruited through schools and community volunteers. Each student completed a pure tone audiometry test to assess hearing, followed by a 32-question survey measuring their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward noise exposure. The audiometry tests were conducted at Eastern Illinois University or in the students' schools, with the survey available in both English and Spanish. Data analysis using SPSS compared results between the two groups.

Results
NIHL at 3000 and 4000 Hz was more common in Spanish-speaking ESL students than in English-speaking students. Unexpectedly, low-frequency hearing loss at 250 and 500 Hz was also found in the ESL group. The survey showed that English-speaking students had significantly greater knowledge about hearing protection and NIHL risks. However, no significant differences were found between the groups regarding attitudes or behaviors toward noise exposure, with similar use of AirPods and exposure to loud environments.

Conclusions
The study underscores a higher prevalence of NIHL among Spanish-speaking ESL students, likely due to lower awareness about noise exposure risks. This highlights the need for targeted educational interventions for this group. The unexpected discovery of low-frequency hearing loss suggests possible environmental or genetic factors that warrant further investigation.

Importance of Work
This research fills a critical gap by examining NIHL among Hispanic/Latino ESL students. It offers valuable insights that could lead to improved preventive strategies for this growing population in the U.S.

Innovation
The study's focus on the intersection of language, culture, and health, combined with its use of audiometry and surveys, offers a novel approach to understanding NIHL in ESL students.

Brief Summary of Clinical Takeaways:
The study reveals a higher prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in Spanish-speaking ESL students, underscoring the need for targeted education on hearing protection. Unexpected low-frequency hearing loss suggests possible environmental or genetic factors, highlighting the importance of early screening and intervention in this population.

Assumptions
Attendees should have basic understanding of audiometry, noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), and experience working with diverse populations, particularly ESL students. Familiarity with hearing protection strategies will be beneficial.