PP414 - Evaluating User Perspectives and Efficacy of Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids

Abstract:
With recent FDA approval of over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids, consumers can now purchase hearing devices without professional assistance, potentially improving accessibility and affordability. However, the effectiveness of these devices across diverse user groups remains unclear. This study examines the impact of age, cognitive abilities, and motivational factors on the effectiveness and satisfaction of OTC hearing aids among diverse user groups. Through survey data from clinicians, hearing aid users, manufacturers, and the general public, we explore key factors influencing OTC adoption versus traditional clinician-fitted models. Findings aim to inform user-centered development and optimize hearing aid accessibility and outcomes.

Summary:
With the aging global population, hearing loss prevalence is on the rise, leading to an increased demand for accessible hearing solutions. The recent FDA approval for over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids enables consumers to purchase these devices without needing professional assistance, potentially addressing barriers related to cost, convenience, and accessibility. However, while OTC hearing aids offer promise, their true efficacy and effectiveness across diverse users and settings remain largely unexamined.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between age-related impacts, cognitive capabilities, and motivational factors on the perspectives and effectiveness of OTC hearing aids among diverse user groups. The study will investigate how OTC hearing aids limit the provision of professional support compared to traditional best practice (BP) fitting processes and provide insight into the implications for user satisfaction. The study aims to contribute valuable insights to audiology by informing the development of more effective, user-centered approaches to hearing aid provision.

Methods
To compare aspects of using OTC hearing aids against BP hearing aids, various factors including age/cognition, accessibility/affordability, user motivation/preference, hearing loss identification, appropriate self-fitting selection, and limited professional support that can affect the fitting and overall outcomes of OTC hearing aids were explored. A survey was created to gather information on the perspectives on OTC service delivery and factors contributing to self-fitting versus best practice. The subject groups targeted in the study were (a) clinicians, (b) hearing aid manufacturers, (c) hearing aid users, (d) researchers/scientists, (e) general public, and (f) others. Demographic data were collected from each group, with further division of hearing aid users and the general public into subgroups based on their experience with prescription or OTC hearing aids and self-fitting apps. Data collection will include both quantitative and qualitative analyses, using Qualtrics analytics to summarize survey responses.

Anticipated Results and Conclusion
We anticipate approximately 300 survey responses, providing insights into the factors influencing the adoption of OTC versus BP hearing aids. The data is expected to show that pricing and convenience are significant drivers for OTC hearing aid adoption, while those who prioritize customization and sound quality may lean toward clinician-fitted models. Additionally, we expect younger, tech-savvy individuals to express a greater willingness to try self-fitting OTC models, with instructional materials and cognitive factors playing key roles in determining successful usage. Additionally, this research is also expected to provide insight into the degree to which OTC hearing aids limit the provision of professional support compared to traditional fitting processes and highlight areas where various user groups may be experiencing less guidance and assistance.

Importance of the Work
The rise of OTC and self-fitting hearing aids has reshaped hearing healthcare by offering consumers more affordable and accessible options. Understanding the perspectives of diverse user groups will provide valuable insights for optimizing the development of OTC products and improving patient outcomes. These findings will inform clinicians, manufacturers, and policymakers in helping to refine OTC hearing aids for broader accessibility and improved outcomes.