PP117 - Sound Decisions: How Education Shapes Knowledge of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids

Abstract:
This study assessed the baseline knowledge and informational needs of individuals regarding different amplification options, including prescription hearing aids, over-the-counter hearing aids, and personal sound amplification products. Participants viewed a pre-recorded presentation covering hearing loss basics, audiology services, and amplification options. They also completed pre- and post-presentation questionnaires to gauge understanding and attitudes towards hearing devices, and received an evidence-based handout to aid in informed decision-making. This study identified knowledge gaps and attitudinal shifts regarding amplification options, providing audiologists with insights to better support patient choices.

Summary:
Objectives and Rationale
Research suggests benefits of over-the-counter (OTC) or self-fit hearing aids for adults with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing losses (Choi et al., 2019; De Sousa et al., 2023; Ricketts et al., 2024; Sabin et al., 2020; Vyas et al., 2022). However, there is limited research focusing on patients' informational needs regarding prescription hearing aids, OTC options, and personal sound amplification products. Understanding these knowledge gaps is crucial, particularly as OTC hearing aids become more accessible. This study evaluated participants' knowledge of amplification options, highlighting areas needing further information. By assessing the effectiveness of a pre-recorded presentation and an evidence-based handout, the research aimed to empower individuals’ hearing health decisions and provide audiologists insights to enhance patient support.

Design
Participants viewed an online presentation on amplification options, created by the first author. Before viewing, they completed a questionnaire to assess their initial knowledge and attitudes toward hearing devices and audiology services. Afterward, participants completed a post-presentation questionnaire to evaluate changes in amplification understanding and attitudes. The questionnaires included multiple-choice, Likert scale, and open-ended questions, with some questions repeated post-presentation to measure knowledge gain. Fifty-two participants completed the pre-presentation questionnaire, and 35 completed the post-presentation questionnaire. Participants ranged from 20 to 79 years old, with an average age of 60. An evidence-based handout was provided post-presentation to facilitate informed decision-making regarding amplification choices.

Results
Of 52 pre-questionnaire respondents, only 24 (46%) knew the difference between prescription and OTC hearing aids, with 40 (76%) unsure who could benefit from each type. Post-presentation, participants showed significant knowledge improvement, with 32 (91%) correctly identifying the degrees of hearing loss suitable for both device types. Support for prescription aids increased from 19 to 24 participants post-presentation, while preferences for OTC aids were no longer expressed. The preference for audiologists as the primary information source increased from 11 to 15 respondents, while preferences for ENT specialists decreased.

Additionally, awareness of the services audiologists can provide rose. Initially, 45 participants indicated awareness of audiology services such as hearing tests and hearing aids. Awareness responses increased to 59 post-presentation, and response scope widened as well, with new mentions of tinnitus management and custom hearing protection.

Conclusion
This study highlights the current knowledge gaps among individuals regarding amplification options and audiology services. Future research could expand on this study by investigating the reasons behind participants' choices and responses. The clinical takeaway for this session is that many participants initially lacked knowledge of the differences between prescription and OTC hearing aids, and an online presentation considerably improved their knowledge. By exploring the motivations behind consumer amplification decisions in future research, audiologists can refine patient guidance to enhance care quality and empower informed decision-making.

Instructional Level Rationale
This session is set at the intermediate level, as it builds on foundational audiology knowledge and applies current research to enhance patient counseling on amplification options. It’s tailored for attendees with a working understanding of audiology who aim to deepen their patient education and support skills.